Covid: l’origine continua a suscitare interrogativi, Oms segnala divisioni tra esperti e mancanza di dati dalla Cina

Il direttore generale dell’Oms, Tedros Ghebreyesus, annuncia indagini inconcludenti sulle origini del Covid-19, mantenendo aperte tutte le ipotesi, inclusa quella della fuga da laboratorio.

Il 28 giugno 2025, il direttore generale dell’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità (Oms), Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, ha rilasciato dichiarazioni significative durante un briefing stampa a Ginevra riguardo le origini del Covid-19. Secondo Ghebreyesus, le indagini continuano ad essere inconcludenti e tutte le teorie, inclusa quella della trasmissione zoonotica e quella di una possibile fuga da un laboratorio, devono rimanere in considerazione.

Le conclusioni del gruppo consultivo scientifico

Ghebreyesus ha commentato il rapporto del Sago, il gruppo consultivo scientifico dell’Oms composto da 27 esperti indipendenti, sottolineando che, sebbene ci sia stato un progresso nella comprensione delle origini del virus, molte informazioni necessarie per una valutazione completa non sono state ancora fornite. Il direttore generale ha evidenziato che i membri del gruppo non sono unanimi su ogni punto, con alcune dimissioni e richieste di rimozione di nomi dal rapporto da parte di alcuni esperti.

Il Dg ha messo in evidenza che le richieste di accesso a dati cruciali, come le sequenze virali dei pazienti Covid-19 in Cina all’inizio della pandemia e informazioni dettagliate sugli animali venduti nei mercati di Wuhan, non sono state soddisfatte. Inoltre, l’Oms è a conoscenza di rapporti di intelligence di vari governi sulle origini del virus, ma non ha avuto accesso a queste informazioni né ai dati sottostanti.

Le ipotesi sulle origini del virus

Il rapporto del Sago ha mostrato che, al momento, la maggior parte delle evidenze scientifiche supporta l’ipotesi di una trasmissione zoonotica del virus, che potrebbe essere avvenuta direttamente dai pipistrelli o tramite ospiti intermedi. Tuttavia, gli esperti hanno elencato quattro ipotesi e non sono stati in grado di determinare con precisione “quando, dove e come” Sars-CoV-2 sia entrato nella popolazione umana. La presidentessa del Sago, Marietjie Venter, ha dichiarato che non si deve escludere la possibilità di una fuga da laboratorio, poiché molte informazioni necessarie per sostenere questa tesi non sono state rese disponibili.

Il Dg dell’Oms ha fatto un appello alla Cina e ad altri paesi affinché condividano apertamente le informazioni sulle origini del virus, sottolineando l’importanza di tali dati per prevenire future pandemie. Il rapporto attuale è un aggiornamento di valutazioni precedenti e riflette il lavoro del Sago, che si è riunito 52 volte dal suo avvio nel luglio 2021.

Il significato delle indagini sulle origini del Covid-19

Il Dg ha sottolineato che la comprensione delle origini del Sars-CoV-2 è fondamentale non solo per la scienza, ma anche per motivi morali ed etici. La pandemia di Covid-19 è stata definita come l’emergenza sanitaria più grave degli ultimi cento anni, con circa 20 milioni di morti e un impatto economico devastante, che ha causato perdite di almeno 10 trilioni di dollari a livello globale.

Ghebreyesus ha avvertito che, sebbene la crisi possa sembrare chiusa, il virus continua a circolare e che è cruciale rispondere alla domanda su come sia iniziata la pandemia. La ricerca per comprendere le origini del Sars-CoV-2 è quindi ancora in corso e l’Oms rimane aperta a qualsiasi nuova prova che possa emergere.

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